A prepositional phrase is a series of words beginning with a preposition and providing additional information in a sentence that pertains to position (hence the word preposition) or relationship; the phrase “with a preposition” is itself a prepositional phrase. Though such phrases are not inherently undesirable, they are often easily avoidable contributors to compositional clutter. This post lists and describes five strategies for eliminating prepositional phrases by omission or alteration.
1. Use Active Voice
Keeping your writing in active voice is the best way to make your work fresh and interesting.
A prepositional phrase beginning with by often signals an opportunity to convert a passively constructed sentence into active voice (and render it more concise), as when “The action was seen by observers as nothing more than a delaying tactic” is revised to “Observers saw the action as nothing more than a delaying tactic.”
2. Omit Prepositions
Many nouns pertaining to a characteristic or a quality are
nominalizations, or buried verbs, which are valid words but should be
used in moderation, if at all, because they encourage verbose and overly
formal composition. The sentence “They conducted an investigation of
the incident,” for example, becomes more concise when one converts the
noun investigation into its verb form and alters the rest of
the sentence accordingly: “They investigated the incident.” (This
strategy reduces the three-word prepositional phrase by only the
preposition itself, but it further simplifies—and shortens—what comes
before.)
3. Omit Prepositional Phrases
In the sentence “John Smith is the best runner on the team,” the
prepositional phrase “on the team” may already be apparent from the
context, so consider omitting it: “John Smith is the best runner.”
4. Use Adverbs in Place of Prepositional Phrases
Use this recommendation with care. Too many adverbs (ly) words can make your verb usage weak. In this instance, search Roget's International Thesaurus for a stronger verb that does not require a supporting adverb.
Just as conversion of a nominalization into a verb can render a prepositional phrase unnecessary, such a phrase can be eliminated by changing an adjective to an adverb and further revising the sentence accordingly: “Jane stared at him with a quizzical expression” becomes “Jane stared at him quizzically” (or even, by omitting the sentence’s other prepositional phrase, “Jane stared quizzically”).
5. Use Genitives in Place of Prepositional Phrases
A genitive, or possessive, can substitute for a prepositional phrase beginning with of,
as when “John sensed the annoyance of his teacher when he offered yet
another glib excuse” is revised to “John sensed his teacher’s annoyance
when he offered yet another glib excuse.”
From: Daily Writing Tips
